Multiple sclerosis disease

 

Multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic medical condition that affects the peripheral nerve system, and is characterized by damage to the nerve sheath surrounding nerves, whether in one place or several places. As shown in the pictures

 

 

Which leads to disturbances in nerve functions. Multiple sclerosis can affect any part of the peripheral nervous system, including sensory, motor, and mixed nerves.

history of this disease

 

The history of MS goes back more than 300 years. Doctors described it for the first time in the eighteenth century .

Carl Friedrich Otto Westfal It was described by German physician Karl Friedrich Otto Westfel

Symptoms of multiple sclerosis for the first time in 1768 and called it the sclerosis of the spinal cord

In 1838, British physician Robert Carwell described accumulations in the brain now called "plaques" in patients with multiple sclerosis.

In 1868, Frenchmen Jean-Martin Charcot and Jean-Jules Ducher laid the foundations for the first accurate medical description of the disease.

But the name "sclerosis" was given in 1935 by the German physician Edwin Othoff.

In recent years, there has been tremendous progress in understanding and treating MS, including the development of some targeted drugs

Therefore, despite the age of the disease, our understanding of it and how to deal with it has evolved with the progress of each stage.  

Modern understanding of this disease:

Multiple sclerosis causes damage to the nerve sheath surrounding nerves, causing nerve signals to be delayed in reaching organs and tissues. This delay can cause movement disorders and imbalance Sensory functions, such as the common form of MS known as ' numb leg '. Multiple sclerosis can damage motor nerves, leading to loss of movement and muscle weakness .

Multiple sclerosis can also cause disruptions in the functions of vital organs, such as the heart, lungs, and kidneys, and can lead to serious health problems .

is a chronic, incurable condition that can develop gradually over years. Multiple sclerosis can cause permanent disability and effects on quality of life life, and therefore we must identify its causes and methods of prevention .

the reasons

The causes of multiple sclerosis are not fully known, but some factors can increase the risk of developing it, such as genetic factors, exposure to toxins, and infection. Multiple sclerosis can also be associated with other diseases such as diabetes and arthritis .

Treatment

Although there is no definitive cure for MS, there are some treatments available that can help relieve symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. Among these treatments, it includes drug therapy , neurological therapy , physical therapy , and psychotherapy .

Pharmacological treatment can include the use of anti-inflammatory medications, antioxidant medications, anti-spasmodic medications, and anti-pain medications.

Neurological treatment can include guided injections, electrical nerve stimulation therapy, monochromatic laser therapy, and electroconvulsive therapy

There are various medications that can be used to relieve the symptoms of multiple sclerosis , including :

 and glatiramer acetate. 1B relapse inhibitors : Like interferon beta *

These drugs help reduce inflammation and damage to the nervous system, reduce relapses and slow the progression of the disease .

* Anti-inflammatory drugs: such as prednisone 

It has a wide effect in treating infections and symptoms

 

Anticonvulsants :

To control multiple sclerosis seizures that affect some patients

diuretics:

 To control involuntary urination, which some patients are exposed to

Pain management :

Medications such as decongestants can relieve numbness, fatigue, and headache pain

 

In general, any treatment for MS aims to relieve symptoms associated with the disease and improve the patient's quality of life .

 

 

Physical therapy can include movement training, muscle exercises, functional training, and heat and cold therapy.

Psychotherapy can include cognitive behavioral therapy, psychological counseling, and psychological support .

 

In addition to the available MS treatments, some health tips can be followed to improve overall health and reduce your risk of developing MS. Among these tips, it includes maintaining a healthy and balanced diet, taking regular exercise, avoiding exposure to toxins and infection, and managing other chronic diseases .

The possible side effects of medicines used to treat multiple sclerosis 

.There are several side effects, including

Relapse inhibitors (such as interferons): may cause bronchitis, headache , muscle and joint pain, and mood disturbances

Anti-inflammatories (such as prednisone): their side effects may include high blood pressure, mood swings, changes in appetite, weight gain, and enlarged face

Anticonvulsants: May cause fatigue, dizziness, and nausea

Diuretics: May cause dehydration, sodium deficiency, and changes in blood pressure

Pain management: Common side effects include constipation, fatigue, dizziness, and vomiting

 

Therefore, it is always recommended to be monitored by a physician for any side effects while taking medications, as some of these side effects may require a dose adjustment or a change in treatment.

Future plan and research for the treatment of multiple sclerosis

There are several promising research directions aimed at treating MS in the future :

Gene therapy: Research efforts involve replacing or modifying

 genes to treat disease at the genetic DNA level .

 Cellular therapy: using stem cell transplantation to regenerate damaged tissue. This may correct malfunctioning processes in the immune system .

 Physiotherapy: includes exercise and rehabilitation therapy to improve the motor and functional abilities of patients .

 

 New future drugs : There are many ongoing researches to test new drugs that may be more effective in inhibiting the activity of multiple sclerosis .

 

Therefore, there seem to be many potential avenues for creating more effective and comprehensive treatments for MS in the future. However, research and treatment of the disease are still in the early stages .

 

Therefore , individuals with multiple sclerosis must cooperate with their physicians and the specialists who treat them to achieve the best treatment outcomes and improve their quality of life. They should also reach out to communities and organizations that care about MS to get the necessary support and support.

                                              

 

 It should be remembered that multiple sclerosis does not prevent individuals from living in a healthy and positive way, and from practicing activities that make them feel happy and satisfied in their lives.

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Finally, we wish you lasting safety

 

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I am Ziad Othman

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